Thursday, August 29, 2024

Visit of Prof. Zizzo, Dean of Economics, University of Queensland to MCC

Visit of Prof. Zizzo, Dean of Economics, University of Queensland to MCC

29th August 2024

Prof. Zizzo, Academic Dean and Head of School of Economics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, visited MCC on Thursday, 29th August 2024 to discuss areas for possible collaborations between the two Institutions.

[The University of Queensland is a public university founded in 1909, and it is considered one of Australia’s top research and teaching institutions. It is ranked 40th in the QS World University Rankings]

Prof. Zizzo addressed the students of the Department of Economics, in the Anderson Hall from 8.30 am to 9.15 am, on the topic, ‘Is it good or bad to be competitive? Lessons for leaders, managers and everyone else’.

This was followed by a brief time of interaction with Prof. Zizzo, at 9.30 am in the Council Room where he interacted with our Principal, Deans, HoDs & Faculty.

Prof. Zizzo expressed his interest in signing articulation agreements (MoUs) and discuss areas for future collaborations between Madras Christian College and the University of Queensland.

Wednesday, August 28, 2024

Visit of Faculty & Students of Chang Jung Christian University, Taiwan

Visit of Faculty & Students of Chang Jung Christian University, Taiwan

28th August 2024 | MoU Renewed

Faculty and Students of the Chang Jung Christian University, Taiwan, arrived in Campus today, for their Study Abroad Programme on Sustainable Development Goals offered by Madras Christian College to the Visiting Students of CJCU, Taiwan.




The Scrub Society, MCC, The Department of Psychology and Director of Extension Programmes, engaged actively with the faculty of Chang Jung Christian University.

The Renewed MoU between Chang Jung Christian University and MCC was also presented to the Principal during their visit. 

The faculty and students also paid a visit to the MCC-MRF Innovation Park, BTSB and to a host of other facilities in Campus.

Eminent faculty from CJCU who visited MCC include –

Prof. Pi-Chu Liu from CJCU, who specializes in Environmental Planning, Landscape Architecture and Ecological Design. 

Signing of MoU with Konyang University, South Korea

Signing of MoU with Konyang University, South Korea

Wednesday, 28th August 2024

An MoU was signed between Konyang University and MCC, in the presence of the visiting Dean of Tourism Studies, Konyang University, and Dr. Beck, Konyang University, in the Council Room at 10.30 am on 28th August 2024.

Dr. Paul Wilson, Principal, MCC signed the MoU on behalf of MCC.

The visiting officials from Konyang University also had an interaction with faculty and students of the Department of Tourism Studies.





VISA MEET with Ms. Shivani Pillai, Alumna | Episode # 5

VISA MEET with Ms. Shivani Pillai, Alumna

28th August 2024

Dear All,

Thank you for participating in today’s ‘Interact with Alumni Studying Abroad’ Programme with Ms. Shivani A Pillai, doing her PhD with University of Oxford.

The Zoom meet started at 6 pm and ended at 7.15 pm.

[Minutes of the Meeting by Ms. Lakshmi, follows]

Ms. Shivani did her BA in English Language & Literature with MCC. She gave a very impressive talk on the process of applying for her Masters Programme with the University of Edinburgh and then for her present PhD Programme with the University of Oxford. There were more than 10 questions from the participants and she answered them all.

We shall meet again next week on Zoom for yet another Episode.

Best wishes,

Office of the Dean of International Programmes

MCC

Minutes of the Meeting

Meeting with Alumni Studying Abroad Episode #5

Speaker: Ms. Shivani A Pillai

DPhil Candidate in English (University of Oxford)

MSc in Modern and Contemporary Literature (University of Edinburgh)

T. Abraham began with the College Prayer

1. Welcome Address and the Introduction of the speaker given by Dr. Franklin Daniel, HoD English Language and Literature

2. Ms. Shivani A Pillai’s Talk

Slide 1 - First Steps - The basics

* Start early on applications

* Focus on what you want to study and why you want to study it, before you decide where you want to study - “what” and “why” will help narrow down the “where”

* Do your homework on what Universities offer what courses - Course descriptions use marketing tactics. Look up faculty pages instead to learn more about how the course will be and where faculty interests and expertise lie.

* Email professors before PhD applications to check with availability and interests, etc.

* Use the internet to connect with present students and alumni to understand what the university is really like

* Look for placement opportunities, career service departments, and how long it takes graduates to land a job before enrolling - Know if employers prefer or respect the university

* Monitor University Rankings and note if it performs well consistently - QS World Rankings (https://www.topuniversities.com/world-university-rankings)

* Target countries according to scope and job availability in your field of study

Slide 2 - Application Materials (for UK Universities)

* Personal statement - why that course, why that university

* Sample of Written Work - usually around 4000 words - will be evaluated based on how you defend arguments and analyse materials etc.

* CV - Should be an Academic CV - especially important for securing scholarships

* References - may need anywhere between 1-3 referrals - Ask from professors that know you and your line of work and body of work well

Slide 3 - What else must one do

* Consistently maintain a good CGPA to meet requirements

* Build your research profile by presenting at conferences, publishing in journals, and undertaking research projects etc.

* Market your internship to an academic audience

* Be prepared to be uncomfortable (culture shock, different values, living in a foreign place)

Slide 4 - Scholarships

⚠️ Always first check University-specific websites for scholarship opportunities

* Check if the course and the University are eligible for any scholarship - keep track of deadlines

* Personalise application for each scholarship

* Work part time alongside course

* For application support, look up Project EduAccess (https://www.projecteduaccess.com/)

3. Q&A session

4. Vote of Thanks given by Dr. Samuel Rufus 

Event Flyer

Friday, August 23, 2024

VISA MEET with Mr. Renjith Mathew Roy | Episode # 4

VISA MEET with Mr. Renjith Mathew Roy | 23rd August 2024

Dear All,

Thank you for participating in this evening’s ‘Interact with Alumni Studying Abroad’ Episode # 4.

The meeting started at 7 pm and ended at 8.10 pm.

Renjith gave a very lively and engaging talk. We had 43 participants today, who stayed put up until the end of the programme.

For Physics, University of Stuttgart is ranked 150th in the World Rankings, he said, and gave a lot of valuable input for prospective students who wish to study abroad. 

“Although knowing German isn’t mandatory, since the Medium of Instruction is English, still, at least an A2 Level of German would be required to adapt to life in Germany”, he said.

“I was very weak at social skills – interacting with people around me. But my friends in MCC made sure I became a very social person”, he said.

Outlining the process by which he got into Germany for his MSc and now for his PhD, he also spoke on the DAAD Scholarship for higher studies in Germany.

“In MCC, what you do after 1.30 pm matters a lot. You can participate in debates, discussions, competitions, etc. which teach you social skills and life skills.”

“The limitations for arts and science colleges is that we do not give priority to research. So your professors might want to know how much are you exposed to that particular field… That’s why it’s important to attend symposia, seminars, colloquiums, panel discussions etc., pertaining to your field of study to know that you have the much-needed exposure to your area of interest”.

“Have a growth mindset. Attend colloquiums, seminars, conferences! Be really good at something specific. You are then in demand”, he signed off.

Renjith with legendary Nobel Laureates

He has also given all the participants his email id and contact details.

We thank Ms. Lakshmi Ramaswami, our Global Student Ambassador, for her excellent compering of the event, and to Dr. Caroline Victoria for moderating the programme. Was pleasantly surprised to know that Dr. Caroline had taken German as part of her Part I in MCC, (back then as a student), and she also interacted with her student Renjith in German. 😊

Legends who studied at Stuttgart University, Germany

Felt so happy to observe that, his Professors were so overjoyed on seeing their student doing so well.

Special thanks are due to Dr. Selvakumari, Dean of Women Students & Professor of Physics, for getting us Renjith on board. His talk was so lively that midway she asked me, ‘Sir, why aren’t we recording the talk. It’s so useful. Please record it, Sir’.

So much was her joy and happiness that, I had to gently ask Renjith midway through his talk, if we could record the event. He gladly accepted.

Such was the pride and joy of his teachers for their student Renjith.

Many Professors including Dr. Sheba Davidson (former Dean of Women Students) were among others who had a great word of appreciation for Renjith.

He has given the link to his YouTube channel (with 2.28K Subscribers), through which he explains more on physics and academic topics. Please subscribe to Renjith’s channel.

https://youtube.com/@renjithmathewroy?si=YLfHJXNs6ezV4qs-

We shall meet again next week on 28th August 2024, at 7 pm for our next episode. [Episode # 5], for a talk with Ms. Shivani Pillai, our alumna, who’s now doing her DPhil with the University of Oxford.

Best wishes,

Dr. Samuel Rufus

Dean of International Programmes

Minutes of the Meeting 

Interact with Alumni Studying Abroad Episode 4 

Speaker: Mr. Renjith Mathew Roy (MSc Physics, Universität Stuttgart) 

T. Abraham began event with the College Prayer 

1. Dr. Caroline Victoria introducing the speaker 

* speaker was Mr. Fresher and Best Outgoing Student in his tenure in MCC

* Speaker was awarded the DAAD Fellowship funded by the Federal Foreign Office in Germany 

2. Mr. Renjith Mathew Roy’s Address 

* About Germany

* About the University of Stuttgart - popular for Engineering and Natural Sciences - currently with around 25000 students

* About the German Education system - State funded and run by tax money - Academia may be in English but at least A2 level in German suggested for living in Germany

* About the Research Atmosphere in Germany - flexibility to choose courses and exams - Max Planck Research institute (doesn’t offer degrees but facilitates research for students in Germany) - Fraunhofer Institute of Research (focuses in Engineering Research) 

* About prospects in industries outside of and after Academia (M.Sc, PhD, PostDoc)

⚠️ daad.de - website that enables students to look for and find a course and a university to their fitting. No consultancy, quick and easy. - important to plan ahead.

* About speaker’s field of study and his work currently in Germany - including details about research amenities and facilities in Stuttgart and Germany. 

3. Questions from the Audience 

* Cost of studying and staying in Germany - courses usually charge ₹15,000 per year and housing costs around 700-800 euros per month - Bank Statement of ₹12,00,000 required at beginning and the money will be used to fund the student’s life in Germany - should cost around ₹15,00,000 overall, throughout the course

* Prospects for MBA in Germany

* About DAAD Scholarship

* What a CV for BSc Students should entail - what helps us stand out

* E-mail provided for further clarification: renjith.mathew-roy@pi1.uni-stuttgart.de

4. Vote of Thanks given by Dr. Samuel Rufus

Wednesday, August 21, 2024

Visit of Ms. Suma Jayakar, LeTourneau University to MCC

Visit of Ms. Suma Jayakar, LeTourneau University to MCC

21st August 2024

Ms. Suma Jayakar, Director of South Asian Initiatives, LeTourneau University, visited us in MCC on 21st August 2024. The transcripts for the LeTourneau Returnees were distributed to the students on the occasion, by the Principal Dr. Paul Wilson, coordinated by Dr. Ravi Shankar, Controller of Examinations.




 

Tuesday, August 20, 2024

Monday, August 19, 2024

Passport Camp as part of Student Support Services

Student Support Services | Passport Seva

19th to 23rd August 2024

The Office of the Dean of Student Affairs, and the Office of the Dean of International Programmes, MCC, began the second edition of Passport Services Camp as part of its Student Support Services, from Monday, 19th August 2024 [to Friday, 23rd August 2024.]

The Seva started with a word of prayer by Dr. Huldah Samuel, Dean of Student Affairs, in the presence of Dr. Samuel Rufus, Dean of International Programmes, and Dr. Vijay Devanesan, Associate Dean of Student Affairs (Aided).  

Faculty and Students totalling 398 applications were received, for New Passport / Passport Renewal / Passport Corrections etc.,

They were asked to fill in their particulars using the Google Form given below.

https://forms.gle/kADVorVXFMYxCFwHA

Time: 9:30 a.m.  to 4:30 p.m.

Venue: Room Adjacent to SRO 1 (Academic Coordinators’ Room)

Things to Bring

1.       Aadhaar Card

2.       College ID Card

3.       Rs.1600/- (Rs.1500-QR Payment +Rs100 Cash)

Saturday, August 17, 2024

VISA Meet with Alumni Studying Abroad | Episode # 3

VISA Meet with Dr. Blesson

17th August 2024

Dear All,

Thank you for participating in the ‘Interact with Alumni Abroad’ Episode # 3 today.

The Zoom meet began at 6 pm and ended sharp at 7 pm.

Dr. Blesson began by outlining his career trajectory from his MCC Days.

Dr. Joyce, HoD, Dept of Zoology, introducing Dr. Blesson said that, Dr. Blesson had done his BSc & MSc (in Zoology) in MCC, and he was also adjudged the Best Outgoing Student of the Department.

Dr. Blesson highlighted the importance of building an impressive CV and a Resume, and he also outlined the huge difference between the two.

He outlined ways in which to contact prospective research supervisors in reputed Universities, and the process of writing an impactful Cover Letter.

Then he also gave valuable hints on what recruiting Universities look for, especially when it comes to a fully-funded study.

He then proceeded to orient students on integrity and honesty in assignments and research work, as part of Work Ethics and Culture in Universities.

He then gave a beautiful video shot of his work place. Dr. Blesson has also shared his contact details for prospective students to get in touch with him.

We shall meet again next week at 7 pm on Friday, 23rd August 2024 with an alumnus from the Department of Physics (Aided), who is doing his higher studies in Germany.

Thank you.

Office of the Dean of International Programmes

MCC

Friday, August 16, 2024

MoU Renewed between Hanshin Hope University and MCC

MoU Renewed between Hanshin Hope University and MCC

16th August 2024

The MoU between Hanshin Hope University, South Korea and MCC was renewed, by mutual signing of the MoU by the President of Hanshin Hope University, and Dr. Paul Wilson, Principal, Madras Christian College.

Meeting with Officials from Singapore University of Social Sciences

Meeting with Officials from Singapore University of Social Sciences [on MS Team]

Friday, 16th August 2024

11:30 am – 12:30 pm (IST)

Overview

The SUSS - MCC Discussion meeting focused on establishing strategic partnerships between the Singapore University of Social Sciences (SUSS) and the Management Development Institute of Singapore (MCC) with a primary aim of collaborative educational programs and innovation initiatives.

The meeting began with introductions from both teams, outlining roles and objectives, followed by a discussion on proposed collaboration models, including a 1+1 postgraduate program and a 2+1 vocational program, while addressing challenges such as credit transfer and eligibility criteria.

Additionally, the meeting explored opportunities in innovation and entrepreneurship, emphasizing MCC's incubation programs and SUSS’s initiatives to facilitate startup support.

The session culminated in planning actionable next steps, including the co-creation of curricula, further meetings, and potential site visits, marking a strategic move towards enhanced educational collaboration. Action items for various team members were outlined to advance these initiatives.

Notes

🤝 Introductions and Overview

MCC-MRF Innovation Park hosts collaborative courses with industries

SUSS team introduced, including roles in internationalization and graduate studies

MCC team introduced, including Principal, Commerce department, and Innovation Park

🎓 Collaboration Models Discussion

Three collaboration models proposed by MCC

School of Continuing Education: 6 months theory + 6 months internship

B.Com vocational program: 2 years at MCC + 1 year at SUSS

Innovation Park: Hosting SUSS students for bootcamps and mentor clinics

🌐 Undergraduate Program Collaboration

Proposed 2+1 model for B.Com vocational program

Challenges with dual degree due to MOE restrictions on international students

Discussion on credit transfer and recognition between MCC and SUSS

Exploration of postgraduate collaboration possibilities

📚 Postgraduate Collaboration

Discussion on 1+1 model for postgraduate programs

Clarification on eligibility criteria for SUSS master's programs

Exploration of credit recognition for MCC's PGDM students

🚀 Innovation and Entrepreneurship Collaboration

MCC's incubation programs and startup support discussed

SUSS's global impact startup program and entrepreneurship initiatives shared

Potential collaboration on startup exchange and support programs

🤝 Wrap-up and Next Steps

Summary of discussed collaboration models

Planning for future meetings and potential site visits

Discussion on executive education and corporate training collaborations

Actionables

Chris Woo Wing Hoa

Schedule next meeting with MCC, including Director of Business School

Coordinate with MCC for co-creation of curriculum for B.Com program

Dr. Shirmila Stanley

Prepare presentation on co-creation of curriculum for B.Com program

Aarthi, MCC-MRF Innovation Park

Provide a draft of thoughts on startup collaboration programs

Yap Meen Sheng

Bring entrepreneurship team to next meeting for discussion on startup programs

Dr. Paul Wilson

Invite TT Skills to next meeting for Innovation Park discussion

Tuesday, August 13, 2024

Interaction with Delegation from Indo-Italian Chamber of Commerce

Interaction with Delegation from Indo-Italian Chamber of Commerce

13th August 2024

Officials from Indo-Italian Chamber of Commerce met with the Deans, HoDs and Unit Heads of the College on Tuesday, 13th August 2024, at 4 pm in the Council Room.

The Dean of International Programmes, Dr. Rufus welcomed the gathering.

Ms. Pallabi Gupta from Into-Italian Chamber of Commerce, Mumbai expressed their interest in collaborating with us in the following programmes –

Tourism Studies

Communication

Business Administration

Fashion Design

Biomedical/Biotech

and other related programmes.

Heads of Departments and Unit Heads pitched their proposals before the visiting delegates.

Italy boasts some of the most ancient universities in the world, which provide international students with a centuries-old academic tradition combined with state-of-the-art research facilities.

From arts and humanities to technical and management studies, Italian tertiary education institutions have a unique range of academic offerings, now available for Indian students and professionals.

Minerva – The Italian Education Hub in India, [an initiative promoted and managed by the Indo-Italian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, with the Patronage of the Embassy of Italy in New Delhi], aims to bring top Italian universities and vocational training institutes to India, to meet the increasing demand for skills development in the country.

The Boyd-Tandon School of Business under Dr. David Jawahar and Dr. C. Samuel Joseph have expressed their interest in having a strategic alliance with them on the following lines:

1. Global Immersion (its features with cost and duration)

2. Italian Language Training ( L1 and L 2  and its associated cost), It was mentioned by Ms.Pallabi Gupta, that training will be done by an Native Speaker

3. Master Classes (With its resources like Learned and Experience Professor of Repute in B Schools from Italy or Italian Industry Captains)

4. Specialised Masters in niche areas, to work together on a revenue sharing model.



Sunday, August 11, 2024

A laid-back Sunday Interview! ❤️

A laid-back Sunday interview

On the 11th of August 2024, a few musicians sat down together after breakfast and had a chat.

[Alan M Eben & Team Interviewing two eminent musicians from the US]

Alan

Hello! I am a western classical musician of the pipe organ inclination trying to grow more of that here in India. Poorvi is really into musical theatre, and we actually put up an excerpt from Encanto, Disney's Encanto.

Sandra

Oh really? I love that.

Dr Susan

Good music, yeah.

Alan

And Aaron is very much into the...

Aaron

I am just an enthusiast.

Dr Susan

Do you play something or just sing?

Aaron

I can't play an instrument, but I sing a lot with the Chapel Choir.

Alan

He is more involved in the management side of it because he is one of the choir secretaries...

Dr Susan

Oh nice. Music Administration. There we go.

Aaron

Not administration proper but taking care of almost all administrative stuff. Yeah.

Alan

Perhaps that's where we'll start because like he said, he doesn't think it's “administration proper” because we don't have a lot of proper professional choirs. We just mostly have kind of informal settings like a Chapel Choir, we just have a small group singing session. We don't have professional training as such. And so how do you think we can bring the kind of very rich choral tradition that you have somewhere maybe in the US. You have the Tabernacle Choir and very well-renowned choirs who even have their own record label. So, do you think something like that could be brought about here?

Sandra

I think so. Yeah, any of you can. So, for background, part of my degree was in choral conducting and in fact that's what's keeping me sane in America, getting my paycheck.

So, the coral world, I mean I came from India, so I studied at Bain School and I was trying to explain to my choral teacher that the culture here is so… I don't want to say laid back, I mean it's still great because we have great voices, we have great instruments (The professional way of referring to instrumentalists). 

A lot of Indians tend to… we have really good voices, which is great. But the issue is when I came to the US and I auditioned at our main collegiate level choir, we had to learn certain excerpts and then there was a sight-reading portion and I did not know how to sight read at all.

And I remember, so when I went for my audition and everything else went fine and one thing we do have as well is we have great aural skills because we do everything by ear. So that's one of the components in auditioning for auditions but when I came to sight-reading, I sat there and I was like… and he was like, just try it. I said, sure, why not? I said, sure, I'm going to fail miserably but he still let me in. But with education, through aural skills and like theory and all that it helped because our choirs there, you need to know how to sight read.

You need to have great aural skills and that's how… because what happens is right now there is a communication gap between the choir and the conductor. 

I mean you can always gesture but then if they're not able to like sight read or if the conductor is not able to communicate through the words of how we use our musical terms then there's going to be a communication gap whereas if we all learn that basic knowledge of sight reading and aural skills then you can bridge that communication and that's what keeps those choirs like together and they're able to go further than just being an established well-grounded choir if that makes sense.

Dr. Susan

Yeah, I think just going back to basics so when I'm looking at your hymnal, it's just words. It would be better if there was music with western notation so that you can see where the phrase is going.

The (Bishop Heber Chapel) choir sounded wonderful, but if I was to work with a choir I would try to have everybody breathe at the same time or have certain people breathe and then other people breathe later and that's the conductor's job is to bring people in THAT way. 

I think a practical suggestion would be to put a mirror on the organ because a lot of times the organ and the choir were not together and the organist…

I mean there is a choir leader but the organist is really pushing the tempo and pushing, like you know and so being able to communicate between the organist and the choir director because right now he sees his back because he can't see so in America a lot of churches we just put mirrors so then you look in the mirror and you can see the choir director and so when he cuts off the organ should cut off the organ shouldn't keep going.

Maybe for a second but not for five minutes. Just having everybody stay together is very helpful. 

Reading the music, understanding the music, actually analysing it and looking at the chord structures and knowing (I) chord, (V) chord, (IV) chord what is all that, where is everything going in the music and then once you know the musical lines so we usually start with solfège where we do like do re mi fa sol la ti do.

We learn the pitches correctly, we learn where to breathe we learn the dynamics, how loud, how soft, crescendo, decrescendo then you have to look at the words and what are we saying and so we want to make sure we express the words through how we sing it and that's the conductor's job.

That's the conductor's job to lead the choir in that understanding. So it's a process, it's not just play the hymn and sing there's a lot more to hymn singing and then being able to play the organ in such a way and have the choir sing in such a way that the congregation just follows right along so you have the whole body of the church joining in together.

Sandra

Are you planning an MCC choir or is the choir in the chapel the college choir?

Poorvi

So the choir in the chapel is just a couple of them we had about a hundred of us but then not many come to the service and we practise one day before and not everybody is accustomed to the hymns too!

Sandra

I think, yeah, that's the difference I did notice with the American choirs is even with like, we had a lot of non-majors like so many non-music majors who did not know how to sight read but they learned eventually.

Dr. Susan

Because honestly when you look at the notation even if you don't know exactly what's C, what's F, what's A you can see the note go up, the note go down you can start to learn intervals you can start to see it goes up a little, goes up a lot and you can kind of, that's how you start to read music. But I think reading music, if I was to come here and teach that would be the very first thing I would say is start learning what is the notation on the paper?

How does that correlate to what's on the piano? Everybody, you don't have to know how to play the piano perfectly but you should know what the piano keyboard looks like and what's C, D, E, F, G, A there's only seven letters, right and then it's different pitches, different octaves, right so, yeah, that would be the first thing is knowing the notation, the time signatures, the key signatures and being able to analyse like where it's going.

If we're in the key of C, so this is a C chord, it's a I chord ah, we just changed to F, did we transpose or are we just doing a IV chord and then heading back to C I mean, whenever I look at any piece of music the first thing I do is I sit down and I analyse I look at all the chords because honestly, especially for musical theatre a lot of times I'll play, I do a lot of auditions for musical theatre in New York and people will just throw music at me and sometimes I've never seen it before and my job is to play it in such a way that they can show their best you know, on stage for the casting people and many times. 

I mean, you don't play every note, but there I quickly look at what the chord structure is and I try to keep that harmonic rhythm going so that the singer can sing confidently, they don't need the pitches they know their song, but they need me to play a G chord when they're in G they need me to play an F chord when they're in F and so I look at the chord structures and so being able to quickly do that is really, really, really helpful and so what could help and could, so practice is one of the major things so in our collegiate choir, we practice the school was Monday to Friday we practice Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday from four to two hours, oh man and what he did.

Because like I said, there are so many students who I mean, there are a few freshmen that are selected in the choir but they won't know the depth of theory or aural skills that you need and you're going to have non-musical majors so what he would do for the first almost 30 minutes vocal warm-ups, like immense, really good vocal warm-ups that are for the corporate, for the whole choir not just for individual voices and then he would add, we would do some aural skills and some theory skills at the same time so there's a lot of structures into that that would like start help building up and because he would do that Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday every working day of the whole semester of our 15 weeks by the end of the semester students who've never sight read before have at least a basic understanding just by those 30 minutes or 20 minutes honestly of aural and theoretical skills and if you need. 

I don't know if you have my contact information but my teacher is amazing he actually, he did his thesis with aural skills and the building blocks of aural skills I don't know the exact term but all his resources are on his website and it's for people to just use and I'm more than happy to like connect and bridge that gap because he's all about having everyone and anyone learn and it's not something for only people to understand it's for everyone to be able to understand he has a good way of, because I used to play for the women's choir and I played for chorales also but I played for the women's choir and the women's choir was not auditioned anybody could sign up for it a lot of times somebody needs a music credit or something so they would just jump into the women's choir having no background whatsoever they were saying before and everything and he had the system of like teaching like solfège rhythms, yeah I forgot the name of the thing.

Dr. Susan

Gordon Rhythm structures being able to like figure out so like in the Gordon Rhythm thing it's, [Demonstrates the Edwin Gordon music learning theory for rhythms] 

When you're teaching children or you're teaching someone who's new at music sometimes it's just easier when you're looking I'm, even myself sometimes I have to use those I use the rhythm, yeah or something a little tricky I try to break it down into okay what's the yeah, and what I realised and so this and coming on that there's several different versions so I actually, I was crazy so I was one of the assistant conductors for the women's choir and part of our training was like to be able to teach them and I was mean and I chose something really tough I chose Falanda which is, yeah, they did so well but it was so tough for someone because it goes, it's mixed meter and it's odd meters it's 5/8, it was in Tamil and so I was teaching these westerners who have no music training and what could help too is the Takadimi system because there is a rhythm so it was created by a white person so it wasn't really an Indian but he used the, he took terminology from Indian rhythm syllables and made them translated into western notation so and it's so, I used to because some of our syllables are so fast that they wouldn't be able to use the western rhythm syllables so we'd have to use the Takadimi system and be like and they got it really fast so meaning they could use the Takadimi system because you're already like immersed in that so there is like, there's several and it's so simple there's several, oh my gosh I can't read it, I mean definitely it has to be established, it has to be like a unified someone coming in and possibly and you need to do it every rehearsal.

Dr. Susan

Yeah like when she says vocal warmups it's not just to warm up those vocal exercises are to teach people how to sing without worrying about the actual music so it would be like we would do exercises like scales and then the next group would start we would do it in rounds but the point was to try to listen to the different parts and to follow the conductor like he would raise his arm he would put his arm down it's like all that practice and you're not looking at music you're not, it's all by just and he had a whole system. He should come here.

Sandra

Oh my gosh and he's a good friend of mine so I've been trying to force him to come

Dr. Susan

I've done honours choir with him oh he would, yeah he's great and he's worked with so many so many schools. So in the high schools they have a thing called honors choir in our country and so the students audition and the best of the best get to come to do honors choir there's hundreds of kids and he was the conductor for this thing and we put it together Friday, Saturday and then concert on Sunday and I was the pianist for it but he picked five pieces and then the kids come prepared they kind of know the pieces and then we put on a concert but he could come for like a week we could drag him out here for a week yeah drag him out and then do like an intense you know depending on the schedules and stuff but learn five or six pieces and then the point would be to put on a recital or concert at the end of the week but learning all these different techniques and any of your people who are conductors that want to be conductors like he could do seminars with them to do some crash course in choral conducting because it's a whole.

I mean I can conduct from the keyboard I'm pretty good at conducting because I bob my head around and I do this but there's a whole different technique to when you're standing up in front of a group we call it stick conducting but choral directors don't always use sticks no we only use it when you're using when you have an orchestra the instrumentalists tend to use a stick but I find stick conducting very very challenging I actually had to take two classes in it and I struggled through it.

That's because I'm so used to moving my body and doing all this from the piano and that's just not the way you're supposed to conduct every single gesture you make when you're conducting has to have a meaning or a purpose so there's no point in having both arms going at the same time this arm needs to do something like move it to do something to bring in somebody or to make somebody go quieter but doing this mirroring it's very common for myself, newbies to conduct like this but that's not the way you are supposed to conduct yeah, doing my conducting lessons sometimes you would have to have one hand out even if I'm going to use a mirror it would be like holding hands in the back hands in the back and then and also there's like

Sandra

Yeah, there are conductors also there's another thing, gesture means a lot so we don't conduct up here at chest level. He used to get mad if you have a tendency you'd be like, no you can't because then the choir people are going to see that and they're going to want to breathe from here but the idea is that your diaphragm your whole body is working towards it so we used to conduct from here.

Dr. Susan

Which is interesting because in band and orchestra conducting you have to conduct up this way because the people in the back can't see you if you're down here so I'm in a masters program right now I'm finishing this year but last year I took private lessons to try to improve my conducting and I took it with a band conductor so I was doing the conducting like I was taught down here and she was like, what are you doing? and I can't see you so then I had to like change my whole arm posture it was so hard to do that but the conductor is the pulse and the heartbeat of the choir the reason the Tabernacle Choir is good is because of who their director is and how those people are in charge of being and being able to rally all those great singers and for the Tabernacle Choir they don't have to audition to get in that is just so anybody can sing in it anybody can sing in it but they have the world's greatest organist the world's greatest music directors and the people that put it together they really know what they're doing and the administrators like the marketing, the social media they know what they're doing but that's because remember it's the Mormons. It's in the Mormon Tabernacle so they're Mormons so their church is like a big big big deal the whole life revolves around the church so being able to sing everybody wants to do it.

Sandra

I think you have my contact. I'm going to just send them Adam's website and then we can. I will send it to you.

Dr. Susan

I'll send you as many resources as I can there's a YouTube video series that an old old lady was done in the 70s so it's really funny but it's the best conducting patterns like how to conduct patterns and she teaches you how to conduct the patterns and I'm going to look up what her name was I can't think about the top of my head but I had to learn though I had to work with that video when I was taking my conducting lessons my teacher was like every day you have to do those lessons every day.

Aaron

Could we just quickly shoot another question?

Sandra

Yes absolutely

Aaron

So I’ve got two questions and they're quite related to the topic we're talking about right now so most of us come into the choir here with no prior experience in music and we do a lot of classical stuff especially for our Carol services we learn Hallelujah Chorus and what not we do a lot of Handel. Last year for the Easter concert we did Handel’s Dettingen Te Deum yes we did that so my question would be how do we sustain that interest bringing more people into this kind of separate culture within a choir?

Sandra

I mean you do have fun things to do like you guys do a carwash fundraiser we have a whole cab we have a cabinet we have a big cabinet for our choir like we have a president a vice president I mean you don't even have to have such a big leadership as long as you're able to and I understand because this culture here doesn't necessarily and here's a thing here's a thing in the US too it's this culture of specifically talking about classical music it almost seems like it's elite and only for people to understand and it's unfortunate because it's not like that and it shouldn't be like that I don't believe it. I mean most classical musicians and don't believe that it's only for the people who can understand and so how do you translate that to people who already believe that it's only for it's such a conundrum but I think I mean education is the biggest thing for that as long as if we're able to explain I mean interest has to be there for sure and like those fun stuff that you can do like

Dr. Susan

T-shirts! Just the act of wearing a T-shirt that has you know MCC Chorale or choir or whatever you call yourselves having a T-shirt it's belonging to a group. It's the culture. How do we like promote the concerts you have to like put pictures up and promote the concerts on social media that's where you need a social media like coordinator one of the students you know can be putting it on Facebook and on Instagram and all the things and you just become excellent and all of a sudden people are going to be like wow that's cool I want to be a part of that. Recruitment. 

Beginning of the school year I mean I don't know in our colleges they usually have like tables set up on the first couple of days of school and the different sororities and fraternities and sports clubs and all the different clubs will set up and be like a fair where people can walk to each table and it depends on how enthusiastic people are you know if you say how cool it is and how much fun it is. 

You can't you know you're not going to recruit people if it's not good like if you do a concert and it's really bad people are going to be like not going to come but if you're good and people are like wow that's really really cool you know and like in our choir or chorale they wear uniforms so they wear like a black women wear black dress men wear black suit and then they wear they have a tuning fork they do a lot of things acapella and it's so pretty though because they have the black clothes and then they have a red necklace with the tuning fork on it and it's so beautiful and it's just I don't know in our school like chorale is like the big thing and it's audition only like it's not like you have to audition you have to show certain skills to get in so maybe not now like now you just want to get as many people as you can but once you start to get really really good it becomes more elite I mean more if you're a mature choir you know then you take people who don't take people who are tone deaf. 

There are people out there that want to sing and they just can't you know but the biggest thing I think is recruitment. Enthusiasm you know, camaraderie! make it like a sports team you know people love the soccer teams they love their football teams they love their baseball teams the choir is a team just like any other team and the joy of singing in a group or playing band playing in an orchestra playing in a band just making music in a group is so special you can't change them that's why in church a lot of churches all the ones I've worked at they really encourage community singing they don't want it to be soloist and just exclusive and just the choir they want the choir to sing so well that the people join in and everybody is singing those hymns you know so yeah I hope that helps.

Alan

Oh it does yeah!

Aaron

One more question but regarding to the people who come freshly in the clean slate they have no knowledge in music but they're really into the kind of music that's being sung or played here so one person struggles like me. I'm one of these kind of people so I grew up with a lot of passion for classical listening to classical music so I eventually wanted to sing it now the issue would be when I ask people okay so how do I progress from this how do I make it like something much more bigger than that .Maybe not like a professional vocation that I take so there's people who have been trained in classical music who have done their grades and there are people who haven't. 

Who almost sing together with them all the time could there be a third space for people who do not wish to take it to a more professional level but can sing still be a part of it you know because that's the case we see here in MCC most people even people like Poorvi that's because she's in theatre as well so how do we create this third space where we're not exactly telling people oh you'll have to do your grades before so for you to sing it anyway is there any other third way that we can accommodate them.

Dr. Susan

I think that requires yeah, it requires in our school we had the chorale which at that point of time that we were involved with the chorale it was very exclusive. 

He only picked a certain number of people because he balances like he wants ten sopranos with ten altos and ten tenors and he like balanced the voices so not everybody got in especially if you had ten sopranos but there was only one spot he would take the best one and then if you know altos he might ask some of those sopranos to then become an alto or whatever so he would balance it but then there's women's choir and men's choir so you can have a women's choir or men's choir or you can have a coed choir that's not your auditioned chorale that's your highest level music you could have one that's just for everybody and to incorporate that education that you would get from and maybe not have the pieces be as complicated maybe do two part music instead of four part music and gradually yeah there's all different levels of you can still sound really good and then at your concerts you can have the women's choir perform and men's choir perform the whole chorale perform and then put every… we did pieces where we put everybody together we call it the choral prism concert but your important thing is going to be your directors whether it's students or teachers I mean we had great students Sandra was one of the student directors of the women's choir you know we had the overall director was supervising and giving corrections and making sure everything was done right but the students can certainly learn how to conduct and teach and learn. 

The other thing you got to have a good accompanist I mean I hate to boost my own to my own work but the accompanist will make or break the choir if the accompanist is playing lousy the choir is never going to be good but if the accompanist is good and if the accompanist works well… this is why Sandra and I are going to work together forever probably because we I can already read her mind. If I'm playing for her for choir rehearsal, I already know what she's thinking. And I know where she's going with that. And if she says, can you double the altos? I'm right on it. So you need a good experienced accompanist.

Poorvi

I just wanted to add something to it. So this is a question related to Indian classical music. So if somebody has done Carnatic or if you're done Hindustani, and I really want to pursue also western classical, how would that shift be?

Susan

Oh, that's not bad at all. It is not hard. I think so. I believe, so I'm actually before I studied classical, not that it's the same at all, because Indian classical music is insanely amazing. I was a jazzer and a pop singer before I even like when I came to Roberts. 

When I went to the US to audition, I wasn't even planning on auditioning for classical music. I had auditioned for jazz and then I did it out of courtesy for the family I was staying with and I fell in love with opera and the fear was and in some areas it is the culture where you're not able to cross genres. But in this day and age in our really modern world where everything is global. 

As long as you have like a good foundation like a good classical western classical foundation that you can gain very easily. You should be able to cross genres and that shouldn't be an issue because correct me from wrong with Hindustani and Carnatic music you're using a lot of it's a lot of throat singing. Which is not bad but because most of the time you all are especially women are on like higher higher parts. 

So you're not really straining your vocal folds. That's why there's more longevity otherwise generally throat singing can be damaging but because of the frequency and where your line is meaning you can translate that and you can sing like most I would think most Indian women singing Carnatic and Hindustani can be sopranos because of their high frequency voice rather where they already placed their voice in Carnatic music. 

So there can be a shift as long as you get like a basic foundation they can absolutely absolutely do it. It'll just have to be a few months of like training and understanding how to bridge Indian classical music to western classical or musical theatre. 

On the plus side of musical theatre most of the time you're belting too so you're going to get used to using a throat but classical.

Dr. Susan

But here's the thing with musical theatre you have to be very careful because you can hurt yourself with belting. If you don't have an upper teacher you're not doing it correctly. I've seen a lot of people blow their phones out and not be able to sing anymore so just be careful about all the things. That's the other thing I was going to say when you say how do you make your choir better if you had vocal faculty. 

It's helpful also because the individual people are still working on their own individual singing skills and then they bring that to the table in the choir and make it even better. Because the director can't sit there and teach you how to sing. That's up to you to learn and take lessons and be able to sing on your own. 

But in the choir there's only so much they can do to actually teach you technique but they can teach you group singing and reading music and dynamics and singing together and breathing together and doing all that stuff. That's what the choir director's job is. But being able to learn on your own and take lessons on your own is also very very beneficial. I mean our choir sounds so good because of people like you and Abby and Maggie. 

We had some really good voices in the choir. So everybody is important but then there are some voices that just really... And that might help too if you're trying to let's say the director doesn't have a lot of time or there's just...practice is going to be crazy. We appoint what we call section leaders so each line... Yeah sectionals. 

That's one of the best places to hone in and learn with your own voice group. We have so many sectionals especially when a director is away. It also gave good experience to the students that were the section leaders to be learning how to teach you. Because if you can teach it then you know what you're doing. Oh yeah. Oh, a little torture. Sorry. Our teacher was really...Oh my gosh when it came to him grading because it was also part of my grade. Oh he was ruthless though. Yeah he was kind. But he made...I mean thanks to him I'm able to conduct many choirs and like it's been so easy to just... 

Because it is daunting when you're on that podium. However the idea...our teacher we always called it not to be conductor centric. Our words were...we could not...we had to use words like we instead of I. And each time I said an I he wrote that down. He said why did you use the word I? So that's the other thing. It's about when you have a leadership that's about using we as a term. That also aids in realising that there's no hierarchy. So that helps to not have hierarchy. 

Also Chorale, women's choir, men's choir...they were all credit classes. You can get...ooh when you can get credit. Yeah and that also increases the volume of people that come because they know they're going to get a college credit out of it. And fame and glory when they have concerts. Yeah. That's right.

Aaron

Do we get credits for being part of the choir?

Alan

No we don't.

Sandra

Oh you should petition for it!.

Poorvi

We should. We put in so much effort. We don't get credit for it at all.

Sandras

Oh you should at least a credit. At least one credit.

Alan

So does music making also happen at the primary school level? I know that in the U.S. it is mandatory to learn an instrument I think.

Dr. Susan

So in New York. Not in New York. Not in New York. In New York yeah. Starting in third grade many of the schools do recorders because they have little hands. So they can learn, they learn the pitches and a little bit about rhythm, a little bit about... They start reading music in third grade. And music education that makes for a New York state. Yeah people go to school for four years to get certified in music education. 

They have to take tests to get licensed and then they go work in the schools. But then in fourth grade, when I was in fourth grade we had to choose choir or band. Or you could do both. But you had to do at least one. So I played the flute in a band. I played the piano too but they didn't have a piano for the band so I just played the flute in the band. And then in middle school… you had to do choir or band. 

And high school… High school, I went to a private high school so I did theatre. I was the accompanist for the theatre and I played the piano for everybody. But they had a choir and they had show choirs. They were show choirs. So they sing musical theatre tunes and they dance. But it's like a choir. Glee basically. Glee. It's glee. Yeah, it's like glee. So that was my high school. And then, yeah, so everybody in high school, yeah, I think that in high school, you don't have to do four years of music. I think you have to do two credits.

Sandra

But one thing great about New York specifically is there's something called NYSSMA. Which is like the New York State School Music Association. It's a big thing where... Music education in New York state is great. It really is. They really promote it. And students, you're graded on this.

Dr. Susan

Because there's so much research that shows that students that know music, that either sing or play an instrument, they excel at school. Yeah. Generally the kids that are musical excel at school. Because music teaches maths. It teaches language. It teaches thought. It teaches critical thinking. It has so many benefits to it. So that's why in New York it's valued. And everybody has like an hour a day of some type of musical training. It's a nice way to break up the day. You have your maths and your sciences. And it's so hard. And then you have a break. And not everybody wants to go play basketball. 

Sometimes playing music or singing is very relaxing for the kids. So that's why it would be nice to really start encouraging schools to break the day up. Or start the day. Like in high school, I used to play the piano for a high school. And they would start the day with music. They would have the choirs meet. It was like they'd do homeroom and then they would have 7:30 to 8:30. They'd have choir and band and orchestra practice. And then the kids would go on to their schoolwork.

Sandra

I know. I wish. Because I would explain to my friends who were going into music education. I was like, my music education was our choir room. And we didn't even have electricity sometimes. And our piano was there. And we sat on the floor. And our teacher would be like, sing this note together.

And then we'd learn it that way. And then when I came to New York. I didn't even know how to read music. No, I did not. Like it was so. It was hard. But the teachers that we had, they knew how to teach students. 

And like I said, one of the benefits I've noticed with Indians is that we are, because Carnatic and Hindustani, are taught aurally, right?. Which is a blessing being that a lot of, in fact, our teacher, one of… who taught me oral skills, her thesis or another thing that she's done is about music literacy or music learning, which is a new method where they call it sight, sound before sight. Normally, and actually there's a thing in New York right now and they're trying to change it. And she's one of the few people that try to change it. You would sight read first and then hear it. 

Her idea is that you have to hear it and then sight read. And so that's why we do have an advanced, I mean, I was able to pick it up quite fast, surprisingly. And I think that's because of how we were brought up here, how we do sound before, but we don't even have sight. So I think it's, I think it would be picked up easily as long as there are a lot of, they would promote it and love that to happen.

Dr.Susan

Now I'm going to give you a secret. There's an app that I've seen you dance about. Oh, Duolingo. There's an app called Duolingo. They have music, they have a music partner. Oh, I didn't know that. Yeah, it has music now. I added music and maths, intermediate English for this because I needed to do English. But they added those, so they have a basic music app and then it'll ask you, what's your level of music training? And you can say, I don't know anything. And you start with that and it actually starts with a picture of a piano and it says, push C. And you push the key to say C and they'll say, yeah, you did it. And then you have to do it on the notation. It'll be like, place the C on the notation. 

Yeah, it's very good. And it's a nice way to start learning. I sometimes have it at that. I selected music and I'll have it at level one just for when I'm really tired and I don't want to learn German. So I was just like, just to make sure my streaks are going. I'm just like, C, C, C. And I get my Duolingo in three hundred and fifteen days. Yeah, keep my street going.

Dr. Susan

So, but I'm going to put together, when I get back home, I'm going to put together some work, some of the basic stuff that, yeah. That I think that would help, you know. And you know what they would love? Because they love learning about Hindustani and Carnatic music in the U.S. They love it. I mean, every time I do, they would ask me to give a talk and I will always showcase. I'm like, I am not that well-versed. I'm doing my own research about it, but they would love to get an experience in that. 

Well, I'll tell you, we were talking with Sandra's dad, who was a music teacher at some of our schools in town. I forgot the name. We went yesterday, we were there for like their annual day and it was so beautiful. These kids put on, they did the dance, the traditional dancing and it was, it was spectacle. 

It was like a Broadway show. Like it was, it was outstanding. And I said to her dad, I said, you know, if we could get like a field trip to the U.S., we would love to show this off to the students where I work and have them do some like workshops with the students, teach our students that style of dance and the sitar, you know, the sitar. And then what you're talking about is carnatic music, have you guys, if we can get some of you to come to the U.S. and teach that people would go nuts over that. They would.

Poorvi

You were talking about the Takadimi system right? There's something called music language where they use it for dance. Right. And the people who are dancing, they dance according to what you say. So there's like a small orchestra and also the people who are dancing on the side, they sing along while they're dancing.

Sandra

That's like, that's insane. That's amazing. That's amazing. Yeah, I've always liked that. That's one of the things I would show. I'm like, this is what it is. Because I have no experience. I'm like, I, but no, they would, they would love that. They would love that. I mean, actually when I was in Texas, I went to go see an arangetram. 

I saw an arangetram. And the amount of people that came to it, people love, they love, America loves. We love, yeah, exotic. It's exotic to us. It's very, very unique. And it's, you know, we want, we always want something new. Like we always want to see something new and different. And we don't like when people copy things. They're very much after originality. You're kind of dancing and you kind of singing. And actually there's an Indian restaurant right near my house. 

It's called Pali of India. And they have a Sitar player every Friday night. And I go with my husband all the time just to hear from him. It's so cool and relaxing. It's very, very nice music. But we're working with Godwin and your professors. 

Like we're talking about trying to do some type of a music education certificate so that we would actually come up with some type of a curriculum where I may come out here like for the summer and do like all kinds of Western music education, like theory, aural skills, history, like a crash course. And then we're going to maybe try to develop online, because I can't be here all the time, but I could maybe develop some kind of an online program through Roberts Wesley University that we work at and do some type of modules where you guys can get the lectures online and then take the tests. 

And then I would do it as a mastering program so that you can't move on to the next module until you get 100 on that first module. Then in the second module, you have to learn the material, answer the questions. Once you get it right the whole time, you can do it as many times as you want. You've got to get it perfect, then you move on to the next, right? And then I would come the following summer again to do like sort of final testing, like just to double check that everybody knows enough, you know, and then try to see if we can get the university from the U.S. to issue a certificate in conjunction with MCC. 

So then when you graduate, if you did decide to become a music teacher, you'd have that extra certification that you go to the schools. They might pay you more or you'd have a higher likelihood of getting jobs. Or just even for your own education, you know, and or you want to work as a doctor, but I also work as a musician. I just do it, I do part time on the side and it's, you know, it's my passion and something I love doing. If you have that knowledge, then you can want to teach kids. 

You can open your own little music studio or something and teach kids. You know, I know there's a big demand here for Western style learning. People want to learn piano and they want to learn, you know, how to, how, you know, the European style of music is. So that's what we're trying to do here. So let's see what happens. 

Yeah. And then we're going to do, we're going to, I have an organ professor that I think, if I could get him to come here, that would be awesome. And now we'll try to do like a zoom where at least he can at least talk to you guys and, you know, find out where you're all are at and you all can play for him and he can give you some suggestions.

But if you're doing any musical theatre stuff, you probably have music for that or? Yeah, yeah, we do.

Poorvi

Yeah. We usually didn't have it before. What we do, we pre-record it and then sing. We used to do that now because most of the time there aren't kids who can actually play along to it. Right. Last year we had a group. So last year the English play was like a musical plus theatre. It was not, the full thing was not like music. So yeah, last year was pretty decent. Nice.

Sandra

No, that's amazing. The fact that you all are doing this, I applaud you all. Thank you. Because that's, I mean, it's start, it has to start somewhere. So, and you all are, thank you. That's okay.

Dr. Susan

I'd like to, I'm going to try to come next summer and try to put on some type of, yeah, I'd like to put on, I could bring some people with me and I'd like to put on a musical and maybe an opera. Like, you know, well, maybe I'm being overly enthusiastic, but I would like to see if I could. It would be so cool if I could connect. And maybe we do a small opera, but maybe if there's nobody that sings opera here, we'll bring some opera singers. We'll invite some people. Yeah.

Sandra

And I bet you there's a few people that secretly are singing opera just don't tell anybody. Yeah, yeah, yeah.

Alan

Yeah, because I was just, one of my friends who is in the Physics department, I was just casually talking to him quite a while ago. And I just happened to mention Bach and he asked me which one? Then it turns out he practises six hours a day on the piano to become a concert pianist. So there are so many people like that on campus.

Sandra

Oh my gosh.. they're so silent because the culture doesn't seem to deem it important. I know. But if you start having recitals and concerts, you may initially make it free to the public and start to like let people know about it. People will become interested because it's such a large amount of beautiful music. And it's for the public. That's the biggest thing. And that's a struggle in the US too. Like it really is sometimes...

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